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(Originally aired 5/06/25) What sparks progress? The right political conditions? Social pressure? Economic upheaval? In response to two listeners’ questions, we say… both none of those and all of the above. As an example, we talk through just one bit of the New Deal in the 1930s, which was the law to limit child labor. That movement started decades earlier, and continued decades afterward. For those keeping score at home, this a sneaky third installment of Kathryn’s 68-part series on the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. Chapters: 00:01:08 Announcements 00:01:43 Retcon 00:03:58 Terms &…

Optimist Economy

by Kathryn Anne Edwards and Robin Rauzi · English · News

Optimist Economy is the anti-doomscroll economics podcast. Work rules, tax fairness, healthcare, housing costs, retirement security — the economic forces shaping American life have real problems. But also real solutions. Each week, economist Kathryn Anne Edwards and editor Robin Rauzi break down one

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  1. S2 · E17 · 19 May 2026 · 49 min

    No Overtime for the Supervisor of Sandwiches

    It wasn’t just hourly factory jobs that were supposed to come with a 40-hour workweek. Even salaried jobs were supposed to get overtime pay, though very few do do anymore. Overtime protections are the only legal mechanism enforcing work-hour limits, and for 50 years, the salary threshold that determines who qualifies to receive overtime has been left to erode. Employers found another workaround too: just call the sandwich maker a "sandwich manager." Now, the new no-tax-on-overtime deduction isn't protecting workers — it's rewarding the kind of overwork it was overtime was originally designed…

  2. S2 · E16 · 12 May 2026 · 44 min

    Can the U.S. Go ‘Cashless?’

    Cash is dirty, inconvenient, and so last century. Some 70% of Americans under age 50 think its days are numbered. But we still need those greenbacks, if as an alternative to banks. More than 4% of households are “unbanked,” and three times as many are “underbanked,” meaning bank services mostly don’t work for them, so rely on services like check cashers or payday lenders. And that's before you get to the racial disparities in who banks approve for credit. Reviving banking services at the post office might be one way to help the unbanked and keep from handing yet more power to the finance…

  3. S2 · E15 · 5 May 2026 · 58 min

    The 2026 Economy: Make it Make Sense

    Consumer sentiment is in the basement. Jobs aren't being added. Prices keep climbing. GDP barely grew at the end of 2025, and a ‘meh’ 2% last quarter. Shouldn’t this be a recession? Not so far. Economist Kathryn Anne Edwards walks through the clear cause of each bad number: Tariffs explain the prices and foul mood. Mass deportations explain the jobs. The government shutdown explained last quarter. Still, knowing the passing reasons for economic pain doesn't make it hurt less. And none of it changes the long-term economic reforms we still need. Chapters: 00:01:06 Announcements 00:01:57…

  4. S2 · E13 · 21 Apr 2026 · 47 min

    The Great Wage Stagnation

    Average U.S. wages have barely budged since the early '80s — and if you account for today's labor force being older and more college-educated, wage growth basically disappears. Economists have cycled through explanations: workers lacked technical skills, then couldn't compete with global labor, then lost the policies that once lifted paychecks, like strong unions and a meaningful minimum wage. The latest chapter is monopsony — the idea that as employers consolidate, people have fewer choices of where to work, and fewer places to land if they lose a job. Fix the market, and the paychecks…

  5. S2 · E12 · 14 Apr 2026 · 46 min

    Tax Reform Gone Wild

    From California to Washington to New York, states are trying to tax the very rich. The press keeps rehashing whether millionaires and billionaires will flee those states. Wrong question. The more important one is why we’re improvising tax policy state to state when it’s the federal government that should be dealing with health care, child care and affordability—all of which are national problems. Meanwhile, some Senate Democrats are proposing to take even more people out of the tax system entirely. None of these specific proposals make income taxes simpler or fairer, but they do suggest…

  6. S2 · E11 · 7 Apr 2026 · 46 min

    Nobody's Pulling Up Stakes Anymore

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  7. 1 Sep 2026 · 52 min

    The U.S. is in the Hole. Will We Stop Digging?

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  8. 11 Aug 2026 · 38 min

    Occupy! An Unfinished Uprising: The Invitation (Ep. 1)

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  9. S2 · E28 · 4 Aug 2026 · 50 min

    Stop Donating Your Vacation Days to Your Boss

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  10. S2 · E27 · 28 Jul 2026 · 48 min

    The Government is Already Paying for Your Health Insurance, Buddy

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